PET Detection System
The PET detectors consist of three rings with each having eight detector modules/arrays. Each array is made up by 144 SiPMs, arranged in 12 by 12 rows and columns, covering an active area of approximately 50 × 50 mm2. Each SiPM array is directly connected to a readout circuit that provides output for each row and column of the array. The row and column signals are digitalized with custom high-speed ADC electronic boards capable of processing up to 66 channels. The PET crystal is a 50 x 50 mm2 Lutetium Yttrium Orthosilicate (LYSO) crystal that is 10 mm thick and cut into a pyramidal shape. The impinging coordinates of the gamma-ray are not determined by the localization of the pixel containing all the emitted light, but by the determination of the gravity center of the detected light. Such detection is performed by photodetector anodes. The system employs silicon position sensitive photomultipliers for light detection. Each detector module provides information of both X and Y projections of the complete scintillation light distribution and calculates the centroid of the X and Y coordinates and the photon depth of interaction DOI.
The output signals for each row and column, in addition to the summed trigger signal and the temperature sensor information, are transferred with flexible boards 30 cm away from the PET detector without any additional connections in between. This design avoids the use of nickel containing connectors which might interfere with the MR main field and prevents eddy currents in metallic structures that are induced by rapidly switching gradient fields of the MRI-gradient-system.
Scheme of the PET detector ring
The PET detector readout electronics consists of:
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- the acquisition rack, that includes
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- up to 12 digital acquisition cards (DAQ) cards, where each card a handle all signals of two detectors
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- a coincidence detection card (trigger card) that detects the coincidence events from all detector modules
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- the embedded PC for acquisition control, real-time data processing and data transfer, including a 1 TB SD hard disk
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- the low voltage power supply and detector supervision unit (VBOX)
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- the power distribution unit (PDU) for mains power management and environmental monitoring
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- the 10 GB Ethernet switch (ETH) for communication between PET RECO server, PV360 and the PET acquisition system
Scheme of the PET acquisition rack