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Protecció de dades, UAB
Actualització de l'estació de treball HP xw4400 de l'espectròmetre Bruker AvanceIII 400sb.
La distribució de GNU/Linux que s'instal·la és la Debian version 8.8.0, released on May 6th, 2017, codenamed jessie, AMD64 architecture,
es creará més un cop completada la instal·lacióFaig servir l'opció “Whole disk using LVM” que crea les següents particions al disc:
esquema de particions: boot + LVM
LVM VG cie-55-31-vg, LV home as ext4 LVM VG cie-55-31-vg, LV root as ext4 LVM VG cie-55-31-vg, LV swap_1 as swap LVM VG cie-55-31-vg, LV tmp as ext4 LVM VG cie-55-31-vg, LV var as ext4 partition #1 of SCSI3 (0,0,0) (sda) as ext2
amb la configuració del LVM:
Physical volume: /dev/sda3 Volume groups: cie-55-31-vg Logical volumes: home, root, swap_1, tmp, var
Un cop finalitzada la instal·lació, caldrà
Les col·leccions de programes a instal·lar seleccionades són:
comprovar 
taskselLa resta de programes que poguessin ser necessaris, s'instal·laran més endavant.
GRUB Boot Loader s'instal·la al MBR.
Un cop s'han instal·lat tots els paquets, reinicio l'ordinador i entro a la sessió de GNU/Debian Jessie.
Explicar la configuració final de l'escriptor, Gnome classic? per més informació consultar:
Simplifico l'escriptori:
Edito el menú per amagar les aplicacions que no vull que vegin els usuaris (jocs i altres entreteniments). Més endavant miraré d'esbrinar cóm es poden desinstal·lar algunes d'aquestes aplicacions innecessàries. Entre altres:
Afegeixo els següents paquets o programes (aquest no és un llistat exhaustiu, només inclou els dimonis i servidors de xarxa, i altres programes importants):
rsync byobu (arrossega screen i tmux)Afegeixo altres magatzems (repositories) de programes:
deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ jessie-backports main deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org/ jessie main contrib non-freei la signatura (debian-multimedia-keyring) del magatzem deb-multimedia, i instal·lo:
Adobe Acrobat ReaderTambé afegeixo el magatzem del navegador Chrome de Google:
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable mainA la pàgina https://sites.google.com/site/mydebiansourceslist/ es poden consultar altres magatzems disponibles.
Afegeixo els següents paquets o programes (aquest no és un llistat exhaustiu, només inclou els dimonis i servidors de xarxa, i altres programes importants):
mc (midnight commander) ftp-ssl en comptes de ftp denyhosts nfs-kernel-server tftp-hpa tftpd-hpa bootparamd isc-dhcp-server xinetd (en comptes del programa per defecte: openbsd-inetd) lshw i lshw-gtk gsmartcontrol (instal·la smartmontools) firefox-esr (extended support release) chrome apt-xapian-index (instal·la python-xapian) firmware-linux (instal·la diversos paquets de firmware) meld cu (command used to call up another system and act as a dial in terminal. Part of UUCP but individually packaged)Elimino els paquets o programes:
telnetElimino els següents metapackages per poder eliminar altres paquets o programes que depenen d'ells sense haver de desinstal·lar altres paquets que sí que m'interessen,
gnome task-gnome-desktop gnome-desktop-environment gnome-office gnome-documentsLlavors desinstal·lo:
gnome-games, gnome-games-data, gnome-games-extra-data simple-scanSubstitueixo:
la versió lliure de Java (java-6-openjdk i paquets que en dependen) per la versió oficial (sun-java6-jdk i paquets que en depenen).La connexió a la placa base s'identifica com a eth1 i és una
Ethernet interface /0/100/1c.5/0 product: NetXtreme BCM5755 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express [14E4:167B] vendor: Broadcom Corporation [14E4] bus info: pci@0000:3f:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 02 serial: 00:19:bb:57:96:9b size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: ... 1Gbit/s, 1Gbit/s (full duplex), Auto-negotiation configuration: autonegotiation: on broadcast: yes driver: tg3 driverversion: 3.137 duplex: full firmware: 5755-v3.17 latency: 0 link: yes multicast: yes port: twisted pair speed: 100Mbit/s resources: irq: 48 memory: e0400000-e040ffff
i la targeta de xarxa addicional s'identifica com a eth0 és una
Ethernet interface /0/100/1c.4/0 product: NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express [14E4:1677] vendor: Broadcom Corporation [14E4] bus info: pci@0000:28:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 21 serial: 00:10:18:27:55:de size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: ... 1Gbit/s, 1Gbit/s (full duplex), Auto-negotiation configuration: autonegotiation: on broadcast: yes driver: tg3 driverversion: 3.137 duplex: full firmware: 5751-v3.58 ip: 158.109.55.31 latency: 0 link: yes multicast: yes port: twisted pair speed: 100Mbit/s resources: irq: 47 memory: e0500000-e050ffff memory: e0510000-e051ffff
Comprovo que les targetes estiguin definides al fitxer /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules per tal verificar que l'assignació de les targetes al sistema operatiu sigui estàtica i no hi hagi cap possibilitat de que canviï si es reinicia l'ordinador, de forma que la targeta a la placa base sigui sempre eth1 i correspongui a la connexió a la consola (IPSO), i que la targeta addicional sigui sempre eth0 i es faci servir per la connexió a la xarxa local (LAN).
root@cie-55-31:/etc/udev/rules.d# more 70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x14e4:0x1677 (tg3)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:10:18:27:55:de", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0",
ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x14e4:0x167b (tg3)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:19:bb:57:96:9b", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0",
ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"
Alhora, la targeta de la xarxa UAB (eth0) és configura de forma estàtica per evitar que la caiguda de la xarxa afecti el funcionament de l'espectròmetre, i els paràmetres de configuració són,
El dispositiu eth1 també caldrà configurar-ho de forma estàtica amb els paràmetres de connexió emprats actualment per la connexió de l'estació de treball a la consola.
Cal decidir si es manté la configuració a través del programa network-manager o si es desinstal·la i es fa la configuració manual.
Com que la configuració de la xarxa és estàtica, per evitar problemes elimino,
network-manager i network-manager-gnome, i isc-dhcp i isc-dhpc-common,i instal·lo
net-tools, i ifupdown-extra, que alhora arrossega els paquets wiresharkAquesta és la configuració de xarxa provissional emprada per la instal·lació i configuració del sistema operatiu i del programa TopSpin.
/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 cie-55-31.uab.es cie-55-31
/etc/resolv.conf
domain uab.es search uab.es nameserver 158.109.0.9 nameserver 158.109.254.130 nameserver 158.109.0.1
/etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# Ethernet interfaces are assigned to physical devices in a
# persistent way according to rules in file:
#
# /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
#
# Hence, each of eth0 and eth1 will **always** correspond to
# the same device. The configuration below assumes that,
#
# eth0 -> lan (internet)
# eth1 -> nmr (spectrometer ccu or ipso)
#
auto eth0 eth1
# LAN / INTERNET - Assigned to the primary network interface,
# which usually will be the motherboard integrated NIC.
#
iface eth0 inet static
address 158.109.55.31
netmask 255.255.240.0
broadcast 158.109.63.255
gateway 158.109.0.3
# NMR CONSOLE LAN - Assigned to the secondary network interface,
# which usually will be the added NIC.
#
iface eth1 inet static
address 149.236.99.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 149.236.99.0
broadcast 10.10.255.255
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x14e4:0x167b (tg3)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:10:18:27:55:de",
ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x14e4:0x1677 (tg3)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:19:bb:57:96:9b",
ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"
Aturo i desactivo el servei amb les comandes
systemctl stop avahi-daemon i systemctl disable avahi-daemon; isystemctl stop avahi-daemon.socket i systemctl disable avahi-daemon.socket
Enllaços sobre la configuració del tftpd
Cal configurar-lo per servir el sistema operatiu de la consola.
Cal configurar-lo per servir el sistema operatiu de la consola.
Instal·lo el paquet ntp però no afegeixo cap servidor de temps i deixo la configuració per defecte que fa servir el pool de servidors de temps de Debian.
He afegit nous magatzems (repositories) per tal de poder instal·lar programes addicionals o versions més noves d'alguns programes.
En primer lloc, em descarrego i afegeixo la clau del magatzem Debian Mozilla
# wget -O- -q http://mozilla.debian.net/archive.asc | gpg --import # gpg --check-sigs --fingerprint --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg # gpg --export -a 06C4AE2A | apt-key add -
i la clau del magatzem Debian Multimedia,
# aptitude install deb-multimedia-keyring
Després actualitzo el registres dels programes apt-get i aptitude
# apt-get update # aptitude update
Instal·lo els drivers més actuals disponibles a debian-backports.
Per més informació consultar:
Per veure si es poden connectar dos monitors consultar:
Aparentment no cal instal·lar cap driver especial ja que la targeta és suportada per GNU/Linux, però per si de cas, aquests són alguns enllaços relacionats amb aquest model de targeta:
La targeta és reconeguda i configurada pel sistema, no cal instal·lar cap controlador addicional,
[ 0.688353] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 0.688545] alloc irq_desc for 16 on node -1 [ 0.688546] alloc kstat_irqs on node -1 [ 0.688550] serial 0000:1c:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.688562] 2 ports detected on Oxford PCI Express device [ 0.688613] ttyS0: detected caps 00000700 should be 00000100 [ 0.688617] 0000:1c:00.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xec401000 (irq = 16) is a 16C950/954 [ 0.688670] ttyS1: detected caps 00000700 should be 00000100 [ 0.688674] 0000:1c:00.0: ttyS1 at MMIO 0xec401200 (irq = 16) is a 16C950/954
Quan tot estigui funcionant caldrà verificar la configuració de la BIOS, per exemple, per protegir l'accés amb una contrasenya.
Consultar els següents enllaços sobre cóm millorar o personalitzar el comportament de Gnome
Segueixo les instruccions a stackexchange.com per poder instal·lar les següents extensions pel Gnome:
Provo a transferir les dades des de l'antic disc dur que ha donat problemes. Per començar, comprovo si es pot accedir a la taula de particions del disc vell,
sermnadmin@cie-55-31:~$ sudo sfdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 19457 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track sfdisk: Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. Units: cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 0+ 2431- 2432- 19530752 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 2431+ 19457- 17026- 136757249 5 Extended /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb5 2431+ 3039- 608- 4881408 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 3039+ 4498- 1459- 11717632 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb7 4498+ 6929- 2432- 19529728 83 Linux /dev/sdb8 6929+ 19457- 12528- 100625408 83 Linux
Llavors faig una còpia de seguretat de la taula de particions,
root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-hdd-recovery/partition-backup# dd if=/dev/sdb of=backup-old-hdd.mbr count=1 bs=512 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 512 bytes (512 B) copied, 0.00115307 s, 444 kB/s root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-hdd-recovery/partition-backup# sfdisk -d /dev/sdb > backup-old-hdd.sf sfdisk: Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-hdd-recovery/part
Finalment, provo a copiar amb ddrescue les particions /dev/sdb5 (VAR), /dev/sdb7 (OPT) i /dev/sdb8 (HOME),
root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-hdd-recovery/sdb5-old-hdd-var# ddrescue -d -r3 /dev/sdb5 sdb5.image sdb5.mapfile GNU ddrescue 1.19 Press Ctrl-C to interrupt rescued: 1179 kB, errsize: 0 B, current rate: 10922 B/s ipos: 1179 kB, errors: 0, average rate: 15521 B/s opos: 1179 kB, run time: 1.26 m, successful read: 0 s ago Copying non-tried blocks... Pass 1 (forwards)
Per algun motiu, aquest procediment és molt lent. Després de provar diverses recomanacions trobades a Internet sense obtenir una millora substancial a la velocitat amb què es copien les dades, decideixo deixar-ho per més endavant i provar amb el disc anterior a aquest.
Serviria de res canvia la placa de control? http://www.hdd-parts.com/13082508.html
Un cop recuperades les dades del disc dur més antic, torno a provar a recuperar les del disc que amb problemes.
L'ordinador reconeix el disc i troba les particions esmentades més amunt
[167302.836024] usb 5-8: new high-speed USB device number 12 using ehci-pci
[167302.984889] usb 5-8: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2329
[167302.984895] usb 5-8: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5
[167302.984898] usb 5-8: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI Bridge
[167302.984902] usb 5-8: Manufacturer: JMicron
[167302.984905] usb 5-8: SerialNumber: 56819FFFFFFF
[167302.985556] usb-storage 5-8:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[167302.985724] usb-storage 5-8:1.0: Quirks match for vid 152d pid 2329: 8020
[167302.985758] scsi11 : usb-storage 5-8:1.0
[167307.111166] scsi 11:0:0:0: Direct-Access ST316081 2AS PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 CCS
[167307.111581] sd 11:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[167308.435394] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] 312581808 512-byte logical blocks: (160 GB/149 GiB)
[167308.436640] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[167308.436646] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 34 00 00 00
[167308.437632] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[167325.207247] sdb: sdb1 sdb2 < sdb5 sdb6 sdb7 sdb8 >
[167325.211102] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[167527.620198] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code
[167527.620204] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb]
però l'intent de fer servir la comanda partprobe dóna un munt d'errors com:
[167527.620207] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [167527.620210] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167527.620213] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [167527.620217] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167527.620220] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error [167527.620223] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: [167527.620225] Read(10): 28 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 08 00 [167527.620235] end_request: critical medium error, dev sdb, sector 2048 [167527.620240] Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 256 [167535.691059] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code [167535.691066] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167535.691069] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [167535.691072] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167535.691074] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [167535.691079] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167535.691082] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error [167535.691085] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: [167535.691088] Read(10): 28 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 08 00 [167535.691098] end_request: critical medium error, dev sdb, sector 2048 [167535.691103] Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 256 [167576.211102] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code [167576.211109] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167576.211111] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [167576.211114] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167576.211117] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [167576.211121] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] [167576.211124] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error [167576.211128] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: [167576.211130] Read(10): 28 00 06 a2 c0 00 00 00 08 00 [167576.211140] end_request: critical medium error, dev sdb, sector 111329280 [167576.211146] Buffer I/O error on device sdb8, logical block 0
o
[168724.524020] usb 5-7: new high-speed USB device number 14 using ehci-pci [168724.664870] usb 5-7: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2329 [168724.664876] usb 5-7: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5 [168724.664879] usb 5-7: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI Bridge [168724.664883] usb 5-7: Manufacturer: JMicron [168724.664886] usb 5-7: SerialNumber: 801130168383 [168724.665536] usb-storage 5-7:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [168724.665701] usb-storage 5-7:1.0: Quirks match for vid 152d pid 2329: 8020 [168724.665736] scsi13 : usb-storage 5-7:1.0 [168729.117271] scsi 13:0:0:0: Direct-Access PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 CCS [168729.117663] sd 13:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [168759.413200] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] READ CAPACITY failed [168759.413206] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168759.413209] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [168759.413212] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168759.413215] Sense Key : Unit Attention [current] [168759.413220] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168759.413224] Add. Sense: Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed [168764.942936] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled [168773.198053] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed [168773.198060] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [168830.604440] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] READ CAPACITY failed [168830.604445] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168830.604447] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [168830.604449] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168830.604451] Sense Key : Unit Attention [current] [168830.604454] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdb] [168830.604457] Add. Sense: Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed
i el resultat d'executar la comanda smartclt -a /dev/sdb és,
root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-old-hdd-recovery# smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.4 2014-10-07 r4002 [x86_64-linux-3.16.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-14, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.9
Device Model: ST3160812AS
Serial Number: 5LS68H19
Firmware Version: 3.AHL
User Capacity: 160,041,885,696 bytes [160 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA/ATAPI-7 (minor revision not indicated)
Local Time is: Fri May 19 16:26:32 2017 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 433) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 54) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x0009) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 100 253 006 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0002 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0033 100 100 020 Pre-fail Always - 71
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 37
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 085 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 356768337
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 021 021 000 Old_age Always - 69653
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0033 100 100 020 Pre-fail Always - 82
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 068 068 000 Old_age Always - 32
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 063 063 045 Old_age Always - 37 (Min/Max 37/37)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 037 040 000 Old_age Always - 37 (0 16 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 102 048 000 Old_age Always - 124688544
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 4403
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 001 001 000 Old_age Offline - 4403
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 167 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 167 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4117 hours (171 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 00 08 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00000800 = 2048
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:06:38.518 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 18 b8 4e e0 00 00:06:38.516 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 c0 4e e0 00 00:06:38.502 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 18 18 e9 e0 00 00:06:34.538 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 f8 0e e9 e0 00 00:06:30.491 READ DMA EXT
Error 166 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4117 hours (171 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 00 08 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00000800 = 2048
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:06:38.518 READ DMA EXT
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 00 00:06:38.516 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
00 00 08 00 00 00 00 04 00:06:38.502 NOP [Abort queued commands]
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:06:34.538 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 f8 b6 a2 e0 00 00:06:30.491 READ DMA EXT
Error 165 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4117 hours (171 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 00 08 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00000800 = 2048
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:05:58.830 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 f8 b6 a2 e0 00 00:05:54.874 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f8 b7 a2 e0 00 00:05:50.836 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 f8 ae 4e e0 00 00:06:34.538 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 f8 af 4e e0 00 00:06:30.491 READ DMA EXT
Error 164 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4117 hours (171 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 00 08 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00000800 = 2048
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:05:58.830 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 b0 4e e0 00 00:05:54.874 READ DMA EXT
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 00 00:05:50.836 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
00 00 08 00 00 00 00 04 00:05:46.773 NOP [Abort queued commands]
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:05:46.726 READ DMA EXT
Error 163 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4117 hours (171 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 00 08 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00000800 = 2048
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 08 00 e0 00 00:05:13.529 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 08 b8 4e e0 00 00:05:54.874 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 b8 4e e0 00 00:05:50.836 READ DMA EXT
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 00 00:05:46.773 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
00 00 08 00 00 00 00 04 00:05:46.726 NOP [Abort queued commands]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
En relació a l'error “Error: UNC at LBA = …” consultar les recomanacions a:
Per altra banda, aquesta es la traça de l'execució de la comanda sfdisk -l /dev/sdb
root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-hdd-recovery/partition-backup# strace sfdisk -l /dev/sdb
execve("/sbin/sfdisk", ["sfdisk", "-l", "/dev/sdb"], [/* 20 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0xed4000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f7386212000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=98535, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 98535, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f73861f9000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\34\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1738176, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3844640, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f7385c49000
mprotect(0x7f7385dea000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f7385fea000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1a1000) = 0x7f7385fea000
mmap(0x7f7385ff0000, 14880, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f7385ff0000
close(3) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f73861f8000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f73861f7000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f73861f6000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7f73861f7700) = 0
mprotect(0x7f7385fea000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x611000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f7386214000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7f73861f9000, 98535) = 0
brk(0) = 0xed4000
brk(0xef5000) = 0xef5000
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1607712, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 1607712, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f738606d000
close(3) = 0
open("/dev/sdb", O_RDONLY) = 3
ioctl(3, HDIO_GETGEO, {heads=255, sectors=63, cylinders=19457, start=0}) = 0
uname({sys="Linux", node="cie-55-31", ...}) = 0
ioctl(3, BLKGETSIZE64, 160041885696) = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2492, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f7386211000
read(4, "# Locale name alias data base.\n#"..., 4096) = 2492
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7f7386211000, 4096) = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/util-linux.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/util-linux.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/util-linux.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/util-linux.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 8), ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f7386211000
write(1, "\n", 1
) = 1
write(1, "Disk /dev/sdb: 19457 cylinders, "..., 60Disk /dev/sdb: 19457 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
) = 60
lseek(3, 0, SEEK_SET) = 0
read(3, "\353c\220\20\216\320\274\0\260\270\0\0\216\330\216\300\373\276\0|\277\0\6\271\0\2\363\244\352!\6\0"..., 512) = 512
write(2, "sfdisk: ", 8sfdisk: ) = 8
write(2, "Warning: extended partition does"..., 121Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.) = 121
write(2, "\n", 1
) = 1
lseek(3, 20001586176, SEEK_SET) = 20001586176
read(3, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512
lseek(3, 25000148992, SEEK_SET) = 25000148992
read(3, "\3310\3320\3330\3340\3350\3360\3370\3400\3410\3420\3430\3440\3450\3460\3470\3500"..., 512) = 512
lseek(3, 37000052736, SEEK_SET) = 37000052736
read(3, "\17\377\0\0\330\315\0\0\t\233\0\0\303c\0\0`&\0\0\30\347\377\377\244\253\377\377\217s\377\377"..., 512) = 512
lseek(3, 56999542784, SEEK_SET) = 56999542784
read(3, "9\246\f\0'O\5\0\232\n\1\0\356\223\6\0\236\307\n\0\360\226\1\0z?\363\377\222\303\355\377"..., 512) = 512
write(1, "Units: cylinders of 8225280 byte"..., 74Units: cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0
) = 74
write(1, " Device Boot Start End #"..., 61 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
) = 61
write(1, "/dev/sdb1 * 0+ 2431- "..., 60/dev/sdb1 * 0+ 2431- 2432- 19530752 83 Linux
) = 60
write(1, "/dev/sdb2 2431+ 19457- 1"..., 63/dev/sdb2 2431+ 19457- 17026- 136757249 5 Extended
) = 63
write(1, "/dev/sdb3 0 - "..., 60/dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
) = 60
write(1, "/dev/sdb4 0 - "..., 60/dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
) = 60
write(1, "/dev/sdb5 2431+ 3039- "..., 60/dev/sdb5 2431+ 3039- 608- 4881408 83 Linux
) = 60
write(1, "/dev/sdb6 3039+ 4498- "..., 75/dev/sdb6 3039+ 4498- 1459- 11717632 82 Linux swap / Solaris
) = 75
write(1, "/dev/sdb7 4498+ 6929- "..., 60/dev/sdb7 4498+ 6929- 2432- 19529728 83 Linux
) = 60
write(1, "/dev/sdb8 6929+ 19457- 1"..., 60/dev/sdb8 6929+ 19457- 12528- 100625408 83 Linux
) = 60
close(3) = 0
close(1) = 0
munmap(0x7f7386211000, 4096) = 0
close(2) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
Com que vaig guardar el disc anterior al disc que ha fallat ara, provo a muntar-ho i a recuperar els fitxers de configuració del TopSpin i els fitxers de dades que conté.
Comprovo que es pugui llegir la taula de particions del disc
root@cie-55-31:/media/sermnadmin/_opt1# sfdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 19457 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Units: cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 0+ 15 16- 128488+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 16 2055 2040 16386300 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2056 3075 1020 8193150 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb4 3076 19456 16381 131580382+ 83 Linux
i resulta que l'ordinador reconeix i munta automàticament les particions sdb1 (BOOT), sdb2 (ROOT & HOME), i sdb4 (OPT), de forma que puc copiar el seu contingut amb la comanda rsync. Les còpies es guarden provisionalment a les carpetes:
i inclouen els directoris:
conté les dades de rmnAquest és el resum del procés de còpia de les dades de rmn,
root@cie-55-31:/home/sermnadmin/Documents/old-old-hdd-recovery/sdb4-old-old-hdd-opt# rsync -Haxv --progress --stats /media/sermnadmin/_opt1/sermn-uab . : : Number of files: 1,245,349 (reg: 1,048,377, dir: 196,972) Number of created files: 1,245,349 (reg: 1,048,377, dir: 196,972) Number of deleted files: 0 Number of regular files transferred: 1,048,377 Total file size: 85,823,932,533 bytes Total transferred file size: 85,823,932,533 bytes Literal data: 85,823,932,533 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 4,915,042 File list generation time: 0.001 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 85,909,483,467 Total bytes received: 21,165,285 sent 85,909,483,467 bytes received 21,165,285 bytes 12,098,648.19 bytes/sec total size is 85,823,932,533 speedup is 1.00
Cal estudiar la conveniència de moure la carpeta /opt a una partició separada.
Per evitar que els usuaris facin ús dels ports USB per connectar pendrives o discos externs, o del lector de CD/DVD, edito el fitxer /etc/group i els bloquejo l'accés eliminant l'usuari sermnuab dels grups cdrom i plugdev.
Instal·lo el paquet printer-driver-cups-pdf per crear una impressora virtual en fitxers PDF. Això fa que s'instal·li el gestor d'impressió CUPS i que a la llista d'impressores surtin les que troba a la xarxa. Per eliminar-les desactivo el servei de descoberta d'impressores:
sermnadmin@cie-55-31:~$ sudo systemctl stop cups-browsed.service [sudo] password for sermnadmin: sermnadmin@cie-55-31:~$ sudo systemctl disable cups-browsed.service Synchronizing state for cups-browsed.service with sysvinit using update-rc.d... Executing /usr/sbin/update-rc.d cups-browsed defaults Executing /usr/sbin/update-rc.d cups-browsed disable insserv: warning: current start runlevel(s) (empty) of script `cups-browsed' overrides LSB defaults (2 3 4 5). insserv: warning: current stop runlevel(s) (0 1 2 3 4 5 6) of script `cups-browsed' overrides LSB defaults (0 1 6). sermnadmin@cie-55-31:~$ sudo systemctl status cups-browsed.service ● cups-browsed.service - Make remote CUPS printers available locally Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/cups-browsed.service; disabled) Active: inactive (dead) May 31 12:47:30 cie-55-31 systemd[1]: Starting Make remote CUPS printers available locally... May 31 12:47:30 cie-55-31 systemd[1]: Started Make remote CUPS printers available locally. May 31 12:56:32 cie-55-31 systemd[1]: Stopping Make remote CUPS printers available locally... May 31 12:56:32 cie-55-31 systemd[1]: Stopped Make remote CUPS printers available locally.
i les impressores de xarxa despareixen i només queda la impressora virtual local.
La impressió des de la pestanya plot del TopSpin dóna un error,
Printing has been cancelled: java.awt.print.PrinterIOException (Original message = Printing has been cancelled: java.awt.print.PrinterIOException) ==================================================== 31 May 2017 13:12:06.490 +0200 Topspin Version = 3.5 pl 6 (of August 4 2016),build 1784 JVM Version = 1.8.0_102 (32 bit) Oracle Corporation JVM Total memory = 110 MB JVM Free memory = 42 MB java.lang.Exception: Stack trace at bruker.bio.topspin.bfw.gui.warn.AbstractMessage.getDetailsString(AbstractMessage.java:827) at bruker.bio.topspin.bfw.gui.warn.AbstractMessage.setMsgSource(AbstractMessage.java:790) at bruker.bio.topspin.bfw.gui.warn.AbstractMessage.<init>(AbstractMessage.java:774) at de.bruker.nmr.mfw.base.BWarning.<init>(BWarning.java:102) at de.bruker.nmr.mfw.base.BError.<init>(BError.java:93) at de.bruker.nmr.mfw.base.BError.<init>(BError.java:72) at de.bruker.nmr.pr.plot.media.MediaFactory.doPrint(MediaFactory.java:583) at de.bruker.nmr.pr.plot.LayoutEditor$PlotPreviewHelperThread.run(LayoutEditor.java:1059)
Per trobar una solució, consultar els enllaços:
Decidir si s'instal·len i, en tot cas, quins s'instal·len:
